Как правильно использовать Will и Shall

Сегодня мы поговорим с вами про модальные глаголы Will и Shall. Мы узнаем все про «Shall» и  том, чем он отличается от «Will», А такте когда какой глагол используется. В чем разница между shall и will? Почему shall встречается в английском языке не так часто как will? Примеры употребления shall, shan’t, will, won’t.

A. We use I’ll (= I will)

When we decide to do something at the time of speaking:

• Oh, I’ve left the door open. I’ll go and shut it.
• «What would you like to drink?» «I’ll have an orange juice, please.»
• «Did you phone Ruth?» «Oh no, I forgot. I’ll phone her now.»

You cannot use the present simple (I do /1 go etc.) in these sentences

• I’ll go and shut the door. {not «I go and shut»)

We often use I think I’ll…..and I don’t think I’ll….:

• I feel a bit hungry. I think I’ll have something to eat.
• I don’t think I’ll go out tonight. I’m too tired.

In spoken English the negative of will is usually won’t (= will not):

• I can see you’re busy, so I won’t stay long.

B. Do not use will to talk about what you have already decided or arranged to do

• I’m going on holiday next Saturday, [not «I’ll go»)
• Are you working tomorrow? (not «will you work»)

C. We often use will in these situations:

Offering to do something

• That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it. (not «I help»)

Agreeing to do something

• A: You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if you’ve finished with it?
• B: Of course. I’ll give it to you this afternoon, (not «I give»)

Promising to do something

• Thanks for lending me the money. I’ll pay you back on Friday, (not «I pay»)
• I won’t tell anyone what happened. I promise.

Asking somebody to do something (Will you…?)

• Will you please be quiet? I’m trying to concentrate.
• Will you shut the door, please?

You can use won’t to say that somebody refuses to do something

• I’ve tried to advise her but she won’t listen. (= she refuses to listen)
• The car won’t start. I wonder what’s wrong with it. (= the car «refuses» to start)

D. Shall I…. Shall we…?

Shall is used mostly in the questions shall I_? / shall we_?

We use shall I…? / shall we…? to ask somebody’s opinion (especially in offers or suggestions)

• Shall I open the window? (= do you want me to open the window?)
• I’ve got no money. What shall I do? (= what do you suggest?)
• «Shall we go?» «Just a minute. I’m not ready yet.»
• Where shall we go this evening?

Compare shall I…? and will you…?:

• Shall I shut the door? (= do you want me to shut it?)
• Will you shut the door? (= I want you to shut it)

EXERCISES

1 Complete the sentences with I’ll + a suitable verb.

1. I’m too tired to walk home. I think _I’ll get_ a taxi.
2. ‘It’s a bit cold in this room.’   ‘Is it?   _________________________ on the heating then.’
3. ‘We haven’t got any milk.’   ‘Oh, haven’t we?   _________________________ and get some.’
4. ‘Do you want me to do the washing-up?’   ‘No, it’s all right.   ________________________ it.’
5. ‘I don’t know how to use this computer.’   ‘OK,_________________________ you.’
6. ‘Would you like tea or coffee?’   ‘_________________________ coffee, please.’
7. ‘Goodbye! Have a nice holiday.’   ‘Thanks.   _______________________:_ you a postcard.’
8. Thank you for lending me your camera.   _________________________ it back to you on Monday, OK?
9. ‘Are you coming with us?’   ‘No, I think _________________________ here.’

2 Read the situations and write sentences with I think I’ll….or I don’t think I’ll…. .

1. It’s a bit cold. You decide to close the window. You say: I think I’ll close the window
2. You are feeling tired and it’s quite late. You decide to go to bed. You say: I think________________ ____________________________________________________________
3. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car but you decide to walk. You say: Thank you but_______ _______________________________________________________
4. You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don’t want to play. You say: I don’t think ______________________________________________________________
5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don’t want to go. You say: _______________ _______________________________________________

3 Which is correct?

1. ‘Did you phone Ruth?’ ‘Oh no, I forgot. I phone / I’ll phone her now.’ (I’ll phone is correct)
2. I can’t meet you tomorrow afternoon. I’m playing / I’ll play tennis. (I’m playing is correct)
3. ‘I meet / I’ll meet you outside the hotel in half an hour, OK?’  ‘Yes, that’s fine.’
4. ‘I need some money.’ ‘OK, I’m lending / I’ll lend you some. How much do you need?’
5. I’m having / I’ll have a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
6. ‘Remember to buy a newspaper when you go out.’ ‘OK. I don’t forget / I won’t forget.‘
7. What time does your train leave / will your train leave tomorrow?
8. I asked Sue what happened but she doesn’t tell / won’t tell me.
9. ‘Are you doing / Will you do anything tomorrow evening?’ ‘No, I’m free. Why?’
10. I don’t want to go out alone. Do you come / Will you come with me?
11. It’s a secret between us. I promise I don’t tell /1 won’t tell anybody.

4 What do you say in these situations? Write sentences with shall I…? or shall we…?

1. You and a friend want to do something this evening but you don’t know what. You ask your friend. What shall we do this evening?
2. You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. You ask a friend for advice_____________________________________________________________________________ it?
3. It’s Ann’s birthday next week. You want to give her a present but you don’t know what. You ask a friend for advice. What ____________________________________________________________
4. You and a friend are going on holiday together but you haven’t decided where. You ask him/her. ____________________________________________________________________________
5. You and a friend are going out. You haven’t decided whether to go by car or to walk. You ask him/her. _____________________________________ or ____________________________________
6. Your friend wants you to phone later. You don’t know what time to phone. You ask him/her. _________________________________________________________________

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