Как правильно использовать Will и Shall
Сегодня мы поговорим с вами про модальные глаголы Will и Shall. Мы узнаем все про «Shall» и том, чем он отличается от «Will», А такте когда какой глагол используется. В чем разница между shall и will? Почему shall встречается в английском языке не так часто как will? Примеры употребления shall, shan’t, will, won’t.
A. We use I’ll (= I will)
When we decide to do something at the time of speaking:
- Oh, I’ve left the door open. I’ll go and shut it.
- «What would you like to drink?» «I’ll have an orange juice, please.»
- «Did you phone Ruth?» «Oh no, I forgot. I’ll phone her now.»
You cannot use the present simple (I do /1 go etc.) in these sentences
- I’ll go and shut the door. {not «I go and shut»)
We often use I think I’ll…..and I don’t think I’ll….:
- I feel a bit hungry. I think I’ll have something to eat.
- I don’t think I’ll go out tonight. I’m too tired.
In spoken English the negative of will is usually won’t (= will not):
- I can see you’re busy, so I won’t stay long.
B. Do not use will to talk about what you have already decided or arranged to do
- I’m going on holiday next Saturday, [not «I’ll go»)
- Are you working tomorrow? (not «will you work»)
C. We often use will in these situations:
Offering to do something
- That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it. (not «I help»)
Agreeing to do something
- A: You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if you’ve finished with it?
- B: Of course. I’ll give it to you this afternoon, (not «I give»)
Promising to do something
- Thanks for lending me the money. I’ll pay you back on Friday, (not «I pay»)
- I won’t tell anyone what happened. I promise.
Asking somebody to do something (Will you…?)
- Will you please be quiet? I’m trying to concentrate.
- Will you shut the door, please?
You can use won’t to say that somebody refuses to do something
- I’ve tried to advise her but she won’t listen. (= she refuses to listen)
- The car won’t start. I wonder what’s wrong with it. (= the car «refuses» to start)
D. Shall I…. Shall we…?
Shall is used mostly in the questions shall I_? / shall we_?
We use shall I…? / shall we…? to ask somebody’s opinion (especially in offers or suggestions)
- Shall I open the window? (= do you want me to open the window?)
- I’ve got no money. What shall I do? (= what do you suggest?)
- «Shall we go?» «Just a minute. I’m not ready yet.»
- Where shall we go this evening?
Compare shall I…? and will you…?:
- Shall I shut the door? (= do you want me to shut it?)
- Will you shut the door? (= I want you to shut it)
EXERCISES
1 Complete the sentences with I’ll + a suitable verb.
- I’m too tired to walk home. I think _I’ll get_ a taxi.
- ‘It’s a bit cold in this room.’ ‘Is it? _________________________ on the heating then.’
- ‘We haven’t got any milk.’ ‘Oh, haven’t we? _________________________ and get some.’
- ‘Do you want me to do the washing-up?’ ‘No, it’s all right. ________________________ it.’
- ‘I don’t know how to use this computer.’ ‘OK,_________________________ you.’
- ‘Would you like tea or coffee?’ ‘_________________________ coffee, please.’
- ‘Goodbye! Have a nice holiday.’ ‘Thanks. _______________________:_ you a postcard.’
- Thank you for lending me your camera. _________________________ it back to you on Monday, OK?
- ‘Are you coming with us?’ ‘No, I think _________________________ here.’
2 Read the situations and write sentences with I think I’ll….or I don’t think I’ll…. .
- It’s a bit cold. You decide to close the window. You say: I think I’ll close the window
- You are feeling tired and it’s quite late. You decide to go to bed. You say: I think________________ ____________________________________________________________
- A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car but you decide to walk. You say: Thank you but_______ _______________________________________________________
- You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don’t want to play. You say: I don’t think ______________________________________________________________
- You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don’t want to go. You say: _______________ _______________________________________________
3 Which is correct?
- ‘Did you phone Ruth?’ ‘Oh no, I forgot. I phone / I’ll phone her now.’ (I’ll phone is correct)
- I can’t meet you tomorrow afternoon. I’m playing / I’ll play tennis. (I’m playing is correct)
- ‘I meet / I’ll meet you outside the hotel in half an hour, OK?’ ‘Yes, that’s fine.’
- ‘I need some money.’ ‘OK, I’m lending / I’ll lend you some. How much do you need?’
- I’m having / I’ll have a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
- ‘Remember to buy a newspaper when you go out.’ ‘OK. I don’t forget / I won’t forget.‘
- What time does your train leave / will your train leave tomorrow?
- I asked Sue what happened but she doesn’t tell / won’t tell me.
- ‘Are you doing / Will you do anything tomorrow evening?’ ‘No, I’m free. Why?’
- I don’t want to go out alone. Do you come / Will you come with me?
- It’s a secret between us. I promise I don’t tell /1 won’t tell anybody.
4 What do you say in these situations? Write sentences with shall I…? or shall we…?
- You and a friend want to do something this evening but you don’t know what. You ask your friend. What shall we do this evening?
- You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. You ask a friend for advice_____________________________________________________________________________ it?
- It’s Ann’s birthday next week. You want to give her a present but you don’t know what. You ask a friend for advice. What ____________________________________________________________
- You and a friend are going on holiday together but you haven’t decided where. You ask him/her. ____________________________________________________________________________
- You and a friend are going out. You haven’t decided whether to go by car or to walk. You ask him/her. _____________________________________ or ____________________________________
- Your friend wants you to phone later. You don’t know what time to phone. You ask him/her. _________________________________________________________________
