Computer Vocabulary
| English | Russian |
Description |
| Adware |
A software application which displays unwanted pop-up advertisements on your computer while in use. Adware is often installed on your computer at the same time as free software or shareware. | |
| Application |
An application is any program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user. Microsoft Word, Excel, Outlook or Adobe Photoshop are examples of application programs. | |
| Browser |
A program or tool such as Internet Explorer or Mozilla that enables you to browse or surf the World Wide Web and view internet sites | |
| Bug |
A defect or fault in a computer program that prevents it from working correctly. Bugs are caused by mistakes or errors made by the people who write the programme. | |
| Cache |
A sort of fast memory used for temporary storage of recently accessed web pages, which enables the browser to display them more quickly on the next visit. | |
| Cookies |
A cookie is a small piece of information on the times and dates you have visited web sites. A web server can temporarily store this information within your browser. The main purpose of cookies is to identify users and possibly prepare customized web pages for them. | |
| Crash |
A crash, in computing, is what happens when a program, or the entire operation system, unexpectedly stops working. | |
| Cursor |
A blinking symbol on the screen that shows where any new text will next be entered. | |
| Driver |
A special program which enables a computer to work with a particular piece of hardware such as a printer. | |
| E-business |
Business done over the internet or any internet-based network. | |
| E-mail |
Electronic mail : messages sent from one computer to another over the Internet. | |
| FAQ |
Frequently asked questions | |
| Firewall |
Specialized hardware or software designed to prevent unrestricted or unauthorized access into or out of a computer or network. | |
| Font |
A particular kind of lettering (for example : Arial, Bookman, Times New Roman). | |
| Hardware |
The physical equipment or touchable parts of a computer system, the CPU (central processing unit), the monitor, the keyboard, the mouse, the external speakers, the scanner, the printer, etc, | |
| Hit |
A visit to a website. | |
| Home page |
The main page or opening page that appears when you visit a web site. It usually contains links to the other pages. | |
| Login |
Process by which a user enters a name and password to access a computer. | |
| Modem |
A device that enables a computer to send and receive information over a telephone line. You need a modem to connect to the Internet, to send email and to fax. | |
| Netiquette |
Network etiquette : a set of informal rules defining proper behaviour on the Internet | |
| Portal |
website that acts as a gateway or entry point to the internet (for example, Yahoo). Typically, a portal offers a search engine and links to other sites grouped into categories, as well as news or other services. | |
| Program |
A sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute in order to do a particular job. Programs are collectively referred to as «software». | |
| Provider |
Company that provides access to the Internet. | |
| Scanner |
A piece of hardware, or peripheral device, used to scan a document and create a digital copy. | |
| Spam |
Unwanted, irrelevant or inappropriate e-mail messages, especially commercial advertising. Also referred to as «junk e-mail». | |
| Spyware |
Software that collects information, without your knowledge, about your web-surfing habits and uses it for marketing purposes. Very often contained in free downloads or shareware programs. | |
| Trojan |
A Trojan is a computer program that is hidden in a useful software application and actually used to gain access to your computer. It then performs malicious actions such as displaying messages or erasing files. Trojans may be found in a hacked legitimate program or in free software . | |
| Videoconference |
Interactive, audiovisual meeting between two or more people in different geographic locations using two-way video technology. | |
| Virus |
A virus is a malicious self-replicating program that spreads by inserting copies of itself into other executable code or documents, and whose sole intent is to cause problems on a computer. It acts in a way similar to a biological virus, and the infected file is called a host. | |
| WYSIWYG |
What you see is what you get. (pronounced ‘wizzy-wig’). A WYSIWYG application enables you to see on the screen exactly what will appear when the document is printed. | |
| WWW |
World Wide Web: A hypertext information system consisting of a network of web pages which runs on the Internet and can be accessed with a browser. | |
| Worm |
A computer worm is a self-replicating computer program, similar to a computer virus. It infects additional computers (typically by making use of network connections), often clogging networks and information systems as it spreads. | |
| Zip |
To zip a file is to compress it so that it occupies less space in storage and can be transferred quickly over the Internet. | |
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